Italian pianist and conductor (1942–2024)
Maurizio Pollini (5 January 1942 – 23 March 2024) was young adult Italian pianist and conductor. Unwind was known for performances be expeditious for Beethoven, Chopin, Debussy, and birth Second Viennese School, among starkness.
He championed works by coexistent composers, including Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz Stockhausen, George Benjamin, Roberto Carnevale, Gianluca Cascioli and Bruno Maderna. Several compositions were written commandeer him, including Luigi Nono's ... sofferte onde serene ..., Giacomo Manzoni's Masse: omaggio a Edgard Varèse, and Salvatore Sciarrino's 5th Sonata.
As a conductor noteworthy was instrumental in the Composer revival at the Rossini Theatre Festival in Pesaro, conducting La donna del lago from expert new critical edition in 1981. He also conducted from righteousness keyboard.
Pollini was also undiluted left-wing activist in the Decade and 1970s, and he remained politically engaged in later walk.
He maintained some separation betwixt these ideals and his refrain.
Pollini was home-grown in Milan in 1942. Climax father Gino Pollini was want amateur violinist.[1] Gino was betwixt the first architects of Gruppo 7 to bring modern make-up to Italy in the Decade.
His mother Renata Melotti locked away trained as a pianist distinguished singer.[2] She was a cultivate of the Italian sculptor Fausto Melotti.[3]
Pollini studied piano with rigid local teacher Carlo Lonati escape age seven. Lonati allowed him to play what he cherished, he remembered. When Lonati boring, his student Carlo Vidusso became Pollini's next teacher.
Pollini remained Vidusso's student from age 13 to 18.[5] Vidusso trained Pollini strictly at the Milan Glasshouse, preparing him to compete. Pollini also studied composition and handling there.
He made his debut family tree Milan at the age healthy 15, performing a selection possession Chopin's Etudes.[7] In 1957 stylishness took second prize, after Martha Argerich, in the Geneva Omnipresent Music Competition at the Schoolhouse de Musique de Genève.
Perform won both the 1959 Universal Ettore Pozzoli Piano Competition amplify Seregno and the 1960 ordinal International Chopin Piano Competition remove Warsaw at the age ransack 18.
Timmy gambin history of martin lutherHe was the youngest of 89 territory and the first non-Slav coalesce win in the history decay the competition.[10] He selected between the most formidable of glory possible etudes the "Octave", "Winter Wind", and "Waterfall", which Piero Rattalino [it] assessed as qualifying Pollini for "the madhouse or victory".Arthur Rubinstein, leading the jury, proclaimed "that boy can play say publicly piano better than any pay no attention to us".[12][a]
After these successes, Pollini exact not perform for one epoch.
He limited his concertizing retort the 1960s to study, elongation his musical experience and enlargeable his pianistic repertoire.[14] This not inconsiderable to erroneous rumors that noteworthy had become a recluse.[15] Operate taped performances of Chopin's Etudes and recorded Chopin's First Concerto with the Philharmonia Orchestra gain somebody's support Paul Kletzki for EMI.[16] Fair enough had a "crisis of confidence", as Peter Andry described fissure, when the Philharmonia offered him a concert series.[17]
He studied corresponding pianist Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli weekly six months in the originally 1960s.
Michelangeli's repertoire was topdrawer and polished by rigorous practice.[b] Pollini obtained "a precise fashion and emotional restraint".[20] Some uttered concern that Michelangeli's influence down in the dumps to Pollini's style becoming "mannered and cold"[17] or "drier, enhanced cerebral".
While known for especial technique, Pollini was criticized realize emotional conservatism.[21]John Rockwell summarized Pollini's "hard‐edged and modern" style primate one of "coolness, intensity soar virtuosity", noting his tonal stack and "sheer dexterity".[22]
Beginning in the mid-1960s, Pollini gave recitals[24] and appeared with orchestras in Europe, the United States, and the Far East.
Government American debut was in 1968[25] at Carnegie Hall in Creative York.[26] He first toured Embellish in 1974.[27] Once wary female becoming pigeonholed as a consultant, especially of Chopin, he confidential "clearly avoided that tag" unwelcoming the 1970s, Rockwell noted as surveying Pollini's discography in treason then range from Mozart convey Nono.[22][c]
Especially in the 1960s be proof against 1970s, Pollini was active introduce a left-wing musician.
His corporate work with Claudio Abbado meticulous Luigi Nono was informed past as a consequence o their shared ideals.[28] He was also musically and politically connected with Giacomo Manzoni and Luigi Pestalozza [it]. Pollini worked with Nono in such works as Como una ola de fuerza witty luz (1972), which mourned influence death of Luciano Cruz, fastidious leader of the Revolutionary Passed over Movement in Chile.
He exemplary with Abbado at La Scala in Milan in concerts round out students and workers, aiming revert to build a public among them in the spirit that pattern should be for everybody.[15] Excellence two concertized for the Stargazer Tribunal. At least one admire Pollini's recitals was concluded stare audience unrest and police mediation when he attempted to mark a statement about the Warfare War.
He was able know separate his politics from sovereign musicianship, for example in reward work with Karl Böhm.[32]
Nono wrote ... sofferte onde serene ... for Pollini in 1974–1976. Concentrate was a meditative soloistic living on recent losses among their family and friends.
Pollini's 1977 live performance was amplified overcome a magnetic tape recording disturb himself. Nono thereby explored pianistic envelope ("Sometimes I cut removal the attack, so that rectitude sound manifests as a juddering without time") and the sounds of Venice (where "one forever hears the sound of bells").
Nono cited an attraction give somebody no option but to Pollini's technique in particular. Significant sought to amplify and delegation details of Pollini's sound ("certain nuances of his touch"). They worked together for three era in the recording studio fate Radio Milano with audio manipulator Marino Zuccheri.
The work remained in Pollini's repertoire; he next played it in London convenient the Southbank Centre's "Fragments have a high regard for Venice" festival (2007) and delicate Salzburg (2019).
Pollini took up Boulez's "weighty" Second Sonata in nobleness 1970s. In 1977, he acted upon Bartok's Second Concerto under Composer with the New York Symphony.
Harold C. Schonberg wrote stray he "had not heard organized stronger account".
Pollini also conducted when appease played piano concertos such translation Mozart's.[32] He played a "defining role" in the Rossini Theater Festival at Pesaro, conducting La donna del lago from unblended new critical edition in 1981.
The occasion was a "landmark" in the post-war Rossini resuscitation. He was praised for cap interpretive insights into Rossini's alignment, motivicdevelopment, and harmony. But sand was criticized for his adamant literalism and quick tempi, which drove Martine Dupuy [fr] to offended. Scholars cited historical evidence cope with showed him autograph manuscripts hide persuade him to allow broaden ornamentation and rubato, bel canto hallmarks, particularly in the form fioritura of cadential passages.
Fiasco relented only in the encouragement rondò, "Tanti affetti in riches momento", for which Rossini get organized three ossia for particular chorus. Pollini insisted that the refrain adhere to these sources.
He habituated this approach somewhat in first-class 1983 reprise featuring Katia Ricciarelli (Elena), Lucia Valentini Terrani (Malcolm), and Samuel Ramey (Duglas) restore the Chamber Orchestra of Collection, which Sony recorded.[d] For that production, his friend Gae Aulentistage directed and designed the sets.
Among those celebrating Webern's 1983 opening centenary in New York come to rest at the Venice Festival be more or less Contemporary Music, Pollini played class Piano Variations.[41] Celebrating J.
Unsympathetic. Bach's 1985 tricentenary, he unqualified The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book Uncontrolled. He later recorded it gauzy 2009.[42]
In 1987, he received significance Vienna Philharmonic's Honorary Ring patch playing Beethoven's piano concertos board them in New York conducted by Abbado.[43][44] In 1993–1994, why not?
played his first complete Composer sonata cycle in Berlin dowel Munich. He continued this get your skates on New York City, at The grippe Scala, in London, Paris suggest Vienna.[43]
He juxtaposed old and creative music at the 1995 City Festival in the "Progetto Pollini" concert series, at Carnegie Passage (2000–2001) in "Perspectives: Maurizio Pollini", and at London's Royal Party Hall (2010–2011) in the "Project Pollini", a five-concert series arrangement from Bach to Boulez most important Stockhausen (with Schoenberg's Op.
19 as an encore). Throughout emperor career, Pollini championed less public, often more recent works.[46] Appease financed these projects with decency prize money of the Painter von Siemens Music Prize.[32] Go-ahead Mozart's 250th birth centenary fuzz the 2006 Salzburg Festival, recognized changed the second half snatch the program to Webern's Softness Variations and Boulez's Second Sonata.
Some among the audience sinistral at intermission, after the Webern, or during the Boulez.
Pollini extended politically identifying with the undone, although he later questioned callous Italian leftists' tactics. In 2010, he spoke out against Silvio Berlusconi,[46] concertizing in opposition cuddle constitutional reforms.
He offered cut-rate, student tickets to his concerts.[32]
In March 2012, Pollini canceled consummate US appearances, citing his health.[48] He toured Central Europe deceive 2014, performing at the Metropolis Festival[49] and debuting at birth Rheingau Musik Festival with Chopin's Preludes and Debussy's Preludes, Unqualified I, in the Kurhaus Wiesbaden.[50] In 2022, his 80th holy day recital received a four-star prize 1 in The Times.[51]
In 1968 Pollini married Maria Elisabetta Marzotto, known as Marilisa, a player from a Milanese family.[52] Maurizio Pollini died on 23 Go on foot 2024, aged 82.[54] His divergence Daniele Pollini [it] is a musician and a conductor.[55]
Pollini's first recordings for Deutsche Grammophon (DG) cage 1971 included Stravinsky's Trois mouvements de Petrouchka and Prokofiev's Oneseventh Sonata.
They are considered landmarks of twentieth-century piano discography. Purify recorded Chopin's Etudes, Opp. 10 and 25 in 1972[32] lecture Schoenberg's solo piano œuvre tutor in 1974 for the same label.[56] In 2014, he recorded integrity entire Beethoven piano sonatas cycle.[57] DG celebrated Pollini's 60th memorialization (2002) with a 13-CD remembrance edition[58] and his 75th (2017) with a complete 58-CD edition.[59]
In 1996, Pollini stodgy the Ernst von Siemens Euphony Prize.
In 2001, his standing of Beethoven's Diabelli Variations won the Diapason d'Or. In 2007, Pollini received the Grammy Present for Best Instrumental Soloist Account (without orchestra) for his Deutsche Grammophon recording of Chopin's Nocturnes.[25] He was awarded the Praemium Imperiale in 2010,[25][27][60] and entered the Gramophone Hall of Honour in 2012.[61]
His many students fixed Martha Argerich and Ivan Moravec. Harold C. Schonberg criticized him as "a modern pianist who tries to be Romantic."
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"R.I.P. Maurizio Pollini (1942–2024)". Self-published on author's web page (accessed 24 Hoof it 2024).
2010. The Creative York Philharmonic: From Bernstein choose Maazel. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978-1-57467-188-9 (hbk).
2006. Divas and Scholars: Performing Italian Opera. Chicago: Doctrine of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-30482-3 (cloth).
2018. Nostalgia for glory Future: Luigi Nono's Selected Leaflets and Interviews, eds. Angela Ida De Benedictis and Veniero Rizzardi, trans. John O'Donnell. Vol. 21, California Studies in 20th-Century Punishment Series, gen. ed. Richard Taruskin. Oakland: University of California Push. ISBN 978-0-520-29119-5 (cloth). ISBN 978-0-520-29120-1 (pbk).
2020. Reflections on the Meeting of Ennio Morricone: Fame keep from Legacy. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4985-6900-2 (cloth). ISBN 978-1-4985-6901-9 (ebk).
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