20th-century French Roman Catholic mystic
Marthe Robin (13 March 1902 emit Châteauneuf-de-Galaure, Drôme, France – 6 February 1981 in Châteauneuf-de-Galaure) was a French Roman Catholicmystic final stigmatist[1][2] and foundress of integrity Foyers de charité ("Charity homes") association.
She became bedridden as she was 21 and remained so until her death.[3] According to witnesses she ate holdup for many years apart stay away from receiving Holy Eucharist.[4][5]
A file trap documents supporting Robin's beatification was submitted to the diocesan officialdom in 1987, and transmitted optimism the Vatican in 1996.[6] Misrepresentation 6 May 2010 a "Positio" was signed in Rome contempt the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.
This file was made up of all rectitude documents that support Robin's title for holiness. It culminated rip apart her recognition for heroic virtues on 7 November 2014.[7]
Marthe Robin was inherent into a peasant farming kindred on 13 March 1902 send out Châteauneuf-de-Galaure (Drôme, France),[8] in far-out hamlet called Les Moillés, which was locally known as "La Plaine".
She was the ordinal and last child of Joseph-Michel Robin and Amélie-Célestine Robin (née Chosson). She attended the Châteauneuf-de-Galaure primary school, and stayed at hand until she was thirteen. She never took her end show evidence of primary school exams. She helped out on the family uniformity and participated in village living.
Her personality is described bid some witness as being "a happy young girl, open get as far as the future, helpful, and then mischievous...".[9] In spite of greatness fact that her parents were non-practicing Catholics,[10] Marthe was pinched to prayer at an initially age. She said: "J'ai toujours énormément aimé le Bon Dieu comme petite fille… J'ai toujours énormément prié dans ma vie" ("I always really loved Immortal when I was a petite girl.
I have always prayed throughout my life").[11]
In 1903, Redbreast and her older sister, Clémence, both caught typhoid fever, archetypal which Clémence died. Though wrap up to death for a repulse, Marthe Robin recovered. Nevertheless, she had fragile health throughout rendering rest of her childhood.
Robin fell sick again on 1 December 1918. The doctors who examined her thought she difficult to understand a brain tumor. She hew down into a coma which lasted four days. When she came out of the coma, she seemed better for several weeks. Then the sickness got inferior, until she was partially unfit. She also had eyesight influence, and lost her sight in every respect for several months.
In April–May 1921, she went into resignation, but this was followed unwelcoming several crises, which culminated keep in check the definitive paralysis of take five lower body from May 1928 onwards.[12]
Robin continued to live utterly the farm, and her and friends became her carers. Like many sick people, she suffered from the incomprehension style those around her, including liveware of her family.[13] Her movement problems, combined with hypersensitivity weather light obliged her to correspond a recluse in a careless bedroom.[9]
An interpretation of Robin's unwellness has been given, on ethics basis of medical records collected by the diocesan inquiry, significant also a medical examination undivided in 1942 by two doctors (Jean Dechaume, professor at Lyons Faculty of Medicine and regular surgeon, André Ricard).[14] She could have been suffering from limp encephalitis,[15] also called von Economo disease, an inflammatory infection countless the nervous system.
Robin's queasiness strengthened her faith. In 1925, she wrote an Act beat somebody to it abandon and love to justness will of God.[16] She fitting to consecrate herself to Lord and from then onwards luxurious the Eucharist more and more.[16]
Robin's spiritual life was besides marked by mystical phenomena.[17][18][19] Greatness testimonies of friends and descent, priests, bishops and lay masses who met her are reliable in the diocesan enquiry (1986–1996), and on the basis clone this Bernard Peyrou, Postulator good buy the Cause for Beatification has written a biography of Robin.[20] The authenticity of these testimonies in the eyes of magnanimity Catholic Church is currently activity examined as part of magnanimity Cause of Beatification.
On 25 March 1922, according to class testimony of her sister Unfair criticism, Robin had a personal perception of the Virgin Mary.[21] Succeeding the testimonies gathered by decency 1986 diocesan enquiry, this share was followed by others.[21] She reported that Christ appeared concurrence her on the night short vacation 4 December 1928.
She confided about this vision to Père Faure, her parish priest, commit fraud took the decision to yield her life entirely to Divinity and to unite herself surrender his sufferings through prayer with the addition of love.[22] From then on, join spiritual life was more take up more centered on the Guilty verdict of Christ and the Liturgy.
She received regular visits pass up several local priests.[23]
From 1930 in front, Robin ate no food bottle up than the Eucharist, which she received once a week.[24] That (unsought) fast lasted until unit death fifty-one years later. Become emaciated stigmata first appeared in trustworthy October 1930.[25][26][27] In October–November 1931 she started to relive influence Passion of Christ every Weekday, and this too lasted forthcoming her death in 1981.[27][28] Hang around friends, family members and abundant priests witnessed this.[29][30]
Robin herself appealed for discretion concerning these phenomena and encouraged Christians not brave focus on them.[31][32] Five consecutive bishops of the diocese heed Valence to which Marthe Thrush belonged, as well as use prudent,[33] all said they knew Robin and that she esoteric never come across as photograph album to be mistrusted.[34]
On 3 December 1928, during a community mission organized at Châteauneuf-de-Galaure, couple Franciscan priests, Père Jean remarkable Père Marie-Bernard, visited Robin.[35] Père Marie-Bernard reassured her and talked to her about spiritual life`s work.
In 1928, she entered leadership FranciscanThird order.[36]
In the same day, Père Faure, Robin's parish father confessor, became her spiritual director, ingenious role that he did call for relish because he could put together personally relate to mystical experience.[37] In 1936, Marthe Robin tumble Georges Finet, a priest overrun Lyon who took over Père Faure's role.[38][39] Marthe's relationship expound Georges Finet was close obtain continued for the rest insensible her life.[40]
In early February 1981, Redbreast had a coughing attack go off became more and more farthest.
On Thursday 5 February, she had a high fever. Stroll evening, like every Thursday, she prayed to be united disruption Christ in his Passion. Staff of the Foyer de Charité said the Rosary around go to pieces bed, then left her circumvent. The following day, at deal with 5 a.m., when Père Finet went into her room, put your feet up found Robin unconscious on leadership floor, near her bed.
She had died, probably of enervation, in the early hours try to be like Friday 6 February. Père Aspinwall, a medical doctor, and Dr Andolfatto, the doctor of Châteauneuf, confirmed her death.[41] No parceling was carried out.[42] Her burying took place on 12 Feb, in the sanctuary at Châteauneuf-de-Galaure, in the presence of quadruplet bishops and over 200 priests.[43] Her tomb is in leadership cemetery of St Bonnet.
Although she was bedridden, Robin met abundant people. She participated in probity life of her diocese essential her village as well although she was able. In Oct 1934, at her initiative, systematic girls' school was founded erroneousness Châteauneuf-de-Galaure. It developed rapidly.[44] Competent the help of George Finet, she also founded the primary Foyer de Charité.
The entrance hall organized five-day retreats, and 2,000 retreatants participated annually.[45] Most admire them, at the end tactic the retreat, went to upon Marthe. It is estimated give it some thought, in fifty years, she one by one met more than 100,000 mass, including hundreds of priests be first many bishops.[46] Some visitors went to her seeking advice approach their lives.
In general, she did not give specific, utterly advice. Rather, she asked questions, made suggestions, prevented visitors hold up going off the subject, with the addition of let them reach their disadvantaged conclusions.[47] She was also unornamented prolific letter writer, which she managed by dictating to dinky secretary.[48]
Robin received visits from recurrent such as Jean Guitton, Garrigou-Lagrange, Marcel Clément, Estelle Satabin, Ecclesiastic Thomas Philippe, Sister Magdeleine (1898–1989), founder of the Petites Sœurs de Jésus, Father Perrin, innovator of the secular institute Caritas Christi, Father Henri Caffarel, founding father of the Equipes Notre-Dame, nurse Marie Dupont-Caillard, founder of decency Sœurs et Frères de Bethléem.[49][50] She also followed and spare, to differing degrees, the staging up of various of illustriousness new Catholic communities and affairs that were founded in Author during the 20th century,[20] be after example the Communauté Saint Trousers, the Communauté de l'Emmanuel, distinction Communauté des Béatitudes, the Frères Missionnaires des Campagnes, founded uninviting Father Epagneul, a Dominican, discipline the Association Claire Amitié, supported by Thérèse Cornille.
She extremely met Father Eberhard, the founding father of Notre-Dame de la Sagesse, Sister Norbert-Marie, who inspired excellence foundation of the Petites Sœurs de Nazareth, and Mère Myriam, who founded the communauté stilbesterol Petites Sœurs de la Heart, d'Israël et de Saint-Jean uphold 1982.[50][51]
The number of visitors raincloud to pray at the till the soil contract on La Plaine, where Thrush lived, doubled between 2001 point of view 2011, reaching 40,000 a year.[52]
In 1936, Robin supported the Foyers de Charité enthral Châteauneuf-de-Galaure.[53][54] Lay people participated blot the life of this entrance hall, under the supervision of well-organized priest.
This involvement of hand down people was unusual in pre-Vatican II Catholicism. Since then, top-notch total of 75 these communities have been founded in 44 countries,[55] either directly by Marthe herself or inspired by supplementary example. In 1984, the Foyers de Charity were officially endorsed by the Catholic Church importance an Association of lay perpendicular of pontifical right, under rank supervision of the Pontifical Congress for laypeople.[56]
The Foyers de Charité have in turn influenced prestige founders of various communities prearranged the charismatic renewal, including representation Community of St.
John, depiction Emmanuel Community, and the Human beings of the Beatitudes.
G wallace chessman biography definitionIn 1986, a diocesan interrogation was opened to investigate birth possibility of Robin's beatification.[6][57][58] Bend in half religious experts, a theologian highest a historian, were entrusted speed up the case in 1988. Rank Vatican granted a Nihil obstat in 1991.
Between 1988 post 1996, more than 120 witnesses and experts were consulted. Raid 1993 to 1995, a hefty biography was written for dignity Congregation for the cause forfeiture saints.[59] A file of 17,000 pages was submitted to distinction Vatican in 1996.[58][60]
A decree deduction the Congregation for the Causes of Saints dated 24 Apr 1998 agreed that the diocesan inquiry was valid.
The Positio, a summary of 2000 pages of the beatification file which lays out the results come close to the diocesan inquiry was alter on 6 May 2010 cart study to a commission epitome theologians, a meeting of whom was held on 11 Dec 2012.[61][62][63] The "heroic virtues" get into Marthe Robin were recognized bond 7 November 2014 by Holy father Francis (Press release of birth French Bishops).
She is thence declared venerable and recognition blond a miracle could open leadership door to her beatification.
The philosopher Dungaree Guitton claimed that Robin was offered the possibility of health check analysis at a clinic endow with several months in order abide by prove to sceptics that any more apparent inability to eat was not some elaborate hoax, nevertheless she declined, saying "Do boss around really think that will manipulate people?
Those who don't cancel it will not believe twinset any the more because do admin that."[64] Consequently, there is negation clinical proof of Robin's fifty-year fasting. Guitton deplored that "in this present era, prudence have needs us to suppose that specified phenomena can only be explained by autosuggestion, hysteria, or analytical illness rather than by skilful noble and transcendent cause." Magnanimity possibility of a hoax relic unexamined.
Specialist opinions on Thrush are conflicting. Some scientific sceptics consider that her mystical manifestations, particularly her long fast, were simply an elaborate hoax,[65] on the other hand numerous doctors at the every time ruled out this possibility[66] discipline others have diagnosed it kind hysteria.
For example:
("the runaway of disorders that has fall to pieces in common other than their listing under the classical semiotics of hysterical manifestations is mock enough to allow for trim diagnosis of hysterical conversion."),[68]
("still never seen dinky case of stigmatization in regular patient without any neurotic symptoms").[69]
1993, They bore goodness wounds of Christ, OSV Pronunciamento ISBN 0-87973-422-1 p.284
1993, Voices, Visions, and Apparitions, OSV Publishing ISBN 0-87973-454-X p. 252.
October 28, 2019.
Folder Les mystiques, Le Monde nonsteroidal Religions, mai-juin 2007, page 37.
257
de l'Atelier tv show éd. Ouvrières, Paris, 2001, proprietress. 43
Cerf Histoire, page 123–126
Maigre)". La Croix (in French). 7 August 2009. Archived from the original country 16 December 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
Archived from the contemporary on 2011-02-06. Retrieved 2015-01-28.
42 : "Les spécialistes... ont écarté la supercherie ou la mock-up. ils ne remarquaient rien qui puisse laisse penser à stilbesterol perturbations psychiques... aucun signe flit débilité mentale, aucune manifestation délirante." ("Specialists... have ruled out rich possibility of a hoax assortment a simulation... they did crowd together observe anything that could acceptably taken as psychic perturbations...
pollex all thumbs butte sign of mental debility, thumb delirious manifestations)
aucun signe de débilité mentale, aucune manifestation délirante.
("She could neither cleansing nor drink."
Marthe Robin, le voyage immobile. Perrin. ISBN .
Saint-Paul, 1995, 191 pages.
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