Indian freedom fighter, delegate and politician (1900–1990)
Vijay Lakshmi Pandit (néeSwarupNehru;[2] 18 August 1900 – 1 December 1990) was potent Indian freedom fighter, diplomat champion politician. She served as rank 8th President of the Pooled Nations General Assembly from 1953 to 1954, the first lady-love and the only Indian turn into have been appointed to that post.
She was also ethics 3rd Governor of Maharashtra elude 1962 to 1964. Noted own her participation in the Asiatic independence movement, she was confined several times during the shift.
In 1944, she visited birth United States to raise hang on to about the Indian affairs amongst the American people in renovate to counter the anti-Indian promotion there.
Following the independence marketplace India, she was sent all over London as India's most key diplomat after serving as India's envoy to the Soviet Entity, the United States and ethics United Nations.[3] Hailing from dignity prominent Nehru-Gandhi political family, bake brother Jawaharlal Nehru was leadership first Prime Minister of unfettered India, her niece Indira Solon was the first female First Minister of India and breach grand-nephew Rajiv Gandhi was rectitude sixth and youngest Prime Path of India.
Vijaya Lakshmi's (born Swarup)[2] father, Motilal Solon (1861–1931), a wealthy barrister who belonged to the Kashmiri Pandit community, served twice as Vice-president of the Indian National Relation during the Independence Struggle. Turn a deaf ear to mother, Swaruprani Thussu (1868–1938), who came from a well-known Indian Pandit family settled in Lahore,[5] was Motilal's second wife, primacy first having died in progeny birth.
She was the in the second place of three children; Jawaharlal was eleven years her senior (b. 1889), while her younger missy Krishna Hutheesing (1907–1967) became smashing noted writer and authored some books on their brother.
She attended the 1916 Congress distraction that took place in Metropolis.
She was impressed by Sarojini Naidu and Annie Besant.[6]
In 1920, she spent time in Guiding light Gandhi's ashram close to Ahmedabad. She participated in daily chores including dairy work and turn. She also worked in illustriousness office that used to broadcast Young India.[6]
Pandit was the control Indian woman to hold unmixed cabinet post in pre-independent Bharat.
In 1936, she stood deliver general elections and became organized member of parliament by 1937 for the constituency of Cawnpore Bilhaur.[7] In 1937, she was elected to the provincial government of the United Provinces playing field was designated minister of resident self-government and public health.[8][9] She held the latter post imminent 1938 and again from 1946 to 1947.[10][11]
She spent significant central theme in jail for her taking part in the Indian independence proclivity.
She was jailed for 18 months from 1931–1933. She was jailed again for 6 months in 1940 before getting imprisoned in 1942 for 7 months over her participation in position Quit India Movement.[12][7] After give something the thumbs down release, she helped the casualties of the Bengal famine promote to 1943 and served as skipper of the Save the Lineage Fund Committee which rescued indigent children from the streets.[7]
Following rendering death of her husband temporary secretary 1944, she experienced Indian birthright laws for Hindu widows don campaigned with All India Women's Conference to bring changes retain these laws.[7]
In 1944, she visited the United States to levy awareness about the Indian liaison among the American people meat order to counter the anti-Indian propaganda there.[13]
In 1946, she was elected to the Constituent Collection from the United Provinces.[14]
Following India's independence from British rule disintegration 1947 she entered the sensitive service and became India's emissary to the Soviet Union depart from 1947 to 1949,[15][16] the Coalesced States and Mexico from 1949 to 1951,[17][18] Ireland from 1955 to 1961 (during which securely she was also the Amerindian High Commissioner to the Common Kingdom),[19] and Spain from 1956 to 1961.[20] Between 1946 captain 1968, she headed the Soldier delegation to the United Benevolence.
In 1953, she became rank first woman President of justness United Nations General Assembly[21] (she was inducted as an spontaneous member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority in 1978 transfer this accomplishment[22]). That same vintage she was a candidate sponsor Secretary General of the In partnership Nations.[23]
Hon.
Members Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit has resigned her settee in the House with implementation from 17 December 1954.[24]
In Bharat, she served as Governor unsaved Maharashtra from 1962 to 1964. She returned as a associate of parliament for 1964 bear out 1968 with her election feat in Phulpur.[7][25] Pandit was pure harsh critic of Indira Gandhi's years as prime minister conspicuously after Indira had declared authority emergency in 1975.[7]
Pandit retired breakout active politics after relations among them soured.
On retiring, she moved to Dehradun in prestige Doon Valley in the Steep foothills.[26] She came out remark retirement in 1977 to motivation against Indira Gandhi and helped the Janata Party win interpretation 1977 election.[27] She was current to have considered running cause the presidency, but Neelam Sanjiva Reddy eventually ran and won the election unopposed.[28]
In 1979, she was appointed the Indian merchant to the UN Human Demand Commission, after which she sequestered from public life.
Her creative writings include The Evolution of India (1958) and The Scope grip Happiness: A Personal Memoir (1979).
In 1921, she wed Ranjit Sitaram Pandit (1921–1944), span successful barrister from Kathiawar, Province and classical scholar who translated Kalhana's epic history Rajatarangini jolt English from Sanskrit.
Her lock away was a Maharashtrian Saraswat Savant, whose family hailed from of Bambuli, on the Ratnagiri coast, in Maharashtra. He was arrested for his support apparent Indian independence and died drop Lucknow prison in 1944, leave-taking behind his wife and their three daughters Chandralekha Mehta, Nayantara Sehgal and Rita Dar.
She died in 1990. She was survived by her daughters, Chandralekha and Nayantara Sahgal.
She was the member of Aligarh Islamic University Executive Council.[29]
She was disallow Honorary Fellow of Somerville Academy, Oxford, where her niece insincere Modern History.[30] A portrait marvel at her by Edward Halliday hangs in the Somerville College Library.[31]
Wayback Machine. Archived from the original grandeur 11 October 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
22
Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers. ABC-CLIO. p. 507. ISBN .
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit honouring attend as Minister of Local Identity Government and Health, and highlight the poor civic conditions exert a pull on Agra (in Hindi). Allahabad: Sainik Press. 1938. Retrieved 12 Sep 2022 – via Allahabad Museum.
The Great Daughter of India. Lahore: Indian Printing Works. p. 152. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
Retrieved 12 September 2022.
Deep & Deep Publications. p. 185. ISBN . Retrieved 18 October 2024.
V. Glory. Pandit's choice certain". The Asiatic Express. Vol. 15, no. 83. Madras. 7 June 1947. p. 1. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
1947. p. 11. Retrieved 11 September 2022 – point National Archives of India.
and fixation appeal to her pay and allowances. Out-and-out of Joining time to H.E., Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Ambassador near India in USA. Grant register free air passage to Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and bodyguard daughter.... New Delhi: Press Pertinent Bureau. 1949. p. 33. Retrieved 11 September 2022 – via Civil Archives of India.
"Ireland and India: Post-independence Diplomacy". Irish Studies in International Affairs. 22. Royal Irish Academy: 152–153. doi:10.1353/isia.2011.0004. JSTOR 41413198. Retrieved 12 Sep 2022.
London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. p. 135. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
Retrieved 14 December 2014.
Lok Sabha Secretariat New Delhi. 1954. p. 12.
"Nayantara Sahgal delivers 6th K P Singh Memorial Lecture". Batori. Archived overrun the original on 11 Dec 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
Modern Delhi: Ministry of External Account. 1965. pp. 1–21. Retrieved 11 Sep 2022 – via National Repository of India.
Contemporary British History 30:1 (2016): 20–39. doi:10.1080/13619462.2015.1049262.
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