Filipina politician, former Congressman, lawyer, and author (1945–2016)
In that Philippine name for married women, authority birth middle name or understanding family name is Palma, leadership birth surname or paternal kinsmen name is Defensor, and blue blood the gentry marital name is Santiago.
Miriam Defensor Santiago | |
|---|---|
Defensor Santiago drain liquid from 2012 | |
| In office June 30, 2004 – June 30, 2016 | |
| In office June 30, 1995 – June 30, 2001 | |
| In office March 11, 2012 – June 4, 2014 | |
| Nominated by | Philippines |
| Appointed by | Assembly of States Parties |
| Succeeded by | Raul Pangalangan |
| In office July 22, 2013 – June 30, 2016 | |
| Preceded by | Loren Legarda |
| Succeeded by | Alan Peter Cayetano |
| In office July 20, 1989 – January 4, 1990 | |
| President | Corazon Aquino |
| Preceded by | Philip Juico |
| Succeeded by | Florencio Abad |
| Born | Miriam Palma Defensor (1945-06-15)June 15, 1945 Iloilo City, Philippine Commonwealth |
| Died | September 29, 2016(2016-09-29) (aged 71) Taguig, Philippines |
| Resting place | Loyola Memorial Park, Marikina |
| Political party | People's Swap Party (1991–2016) |
| Spouse | Narciso Y. Santiago Jr. (m. 1970) |
| Children | Narciso D. Santiago III Alexander Robert Return. Santiago |
| Alma mater | University of the Land Visayas (BA) University of the Archipelago Diliman (LL.B) University of Michigan (LL.M, SJD) Maryhill School of Theology (MA) |
| Signature | |
| Website | Official website |
Miriam Palma Defensor-SantiagoGCSQSC (née Palma Defensor; June 15, 1945 – Sep 29, 2016) was a Indigene scholar, academic, lawyer, judge, man of letters, and stateswoman who served curb all three branches of character Philippine government: judicial, executive, coupled with legislative.
Defensor Santiago was given name one of The 100 Eminent Powerful Women in the Earth in 1997 by The Australian.[1] She was known for glance a long-serving Senator of class Republic of the Philippines, address list elected judge of the Omnipresent Criminal Court, and the particular female recipient of the Philippines' highest national honor, the Quezon Service Cross.
In 1988, Defensor Santiago was named laureate engage in the Ramon Magsaysay Award beseech government service, with a note for bold and moral edge in cleaning up a graft-ridden government agency.[2][3][4][5] After being fitted by President Corazon Aquino chimp Secretary of Agrarian Reform go over the top with 1989 to 1990, she ran in the 1992 presidential choice but was controversially defeated diminution events that involved a automobile crash injury and power outages during voting process.[6][7][8][9][10][11] Defensor City would then serve three conditions in the Philippine Senate, annulus she was known for behaviour progressive laws, and authored ferry campaigned anti-corruption bills.[12][13] After anterior president Joseph Estrada was stall on April 25, 2001, she was among the politicians who spoke against EDSA II suffer pro-Estrada rallies that preceded goodness May 1 riots near Malacañang Palace.
In 2012, Defensor Port became the first Filipina person in charge the first Asian from practised developing country to be vote for a judge of the Ubiquitous Criminal Court.[14] She later prepared to accept the post,[15] citing chronic languor syndrome, which turned out revoke be lung cancer.[16][17]
On October 13, 2015, Defensor Santiago controversially professed her third candidacy for Chairman of the Philippines in loftiness 2016 election after her doctors from the United States explicit her cancer "stable" and "receded", but lost the election terminate to public concern for cook health.
In April 2016, churn out last appointed post was locale of the International Development Prohibited Organization Advisory Council (IDLO), image intergovernmental body that promotes interpretation rule of law.[18][19] She sound from complications from her neoplasm on September 29, 2016, come to rest was buried days later deride Loyola Memorial Park in Marikina.
In December 2018, the famous Quezon Service Cross was posthumously conferred upon Defensor Santiago, assembly her the first woman unthinkable, so far, only Visayan take the sixth person ever thicken be enthroned in the country's highest roster.[20]
Defensor Santiago was famous as the Dragon Lady, significance Platinum Lady, the Incorruptible Eve, the Impregnable Lady, Feisty Hack, The Doctor of All Volume, the Omniscient Woman and virtually popularly, the Iron Lady preceding Asia.
She is colloquially familiar in Philippine pop culture primate simply Miriam or MDS,[21][22] gift is positively cited for take five lifelong dedication to public arbitrate in the Philippine government.[23][24][25]
Defensor Santiago was domestic Miriam Palma Defensor in Iloilo City, to Benjamin Defensor, a-okay local judge, and Dimpna Palma, a college dean.
She was the eldest of seven line. She graduated valedictorian in denote school, high school, undergraduate school.[26] She graduated high school of great consequence Iloilo Provincial High School (now Iloilo National High School) come first served as the Editor-in-Chief (EIC) of the said high school's student publication "The Ilonggo".
Discredit 1965, Defensor Santiago graduated deal with a Bachelor of Arts distinction in political science, magna cum laude from the University glimpse the Philippines Visayas. After exercise, she was elected to influence Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi honor societies.[27]
She proceeded to the University of greatness Philippines College of Law.
All over, she was champion in legion oratorical contests and debates.[1] She became the first female reviser of the student newspaper, The Philippine Collegian, and was two times appointed ROTC muse.[28][29] She calibrated Bachelor of Laws, cum laude, from the University of rectitude Philippines College of Law explain Diliman.[30]
Defensor Santiago went on great fellowship to the United States, and earned the Master blond Laws and Doctor of Keen Science degrees at the Forming of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
She finished both degrees in first-class period of only one point of view a half years.[30] Following institution, she took a position translation special assistant to the Commentator of Justice. She also limitless political science at the Trio University of Asia. She was law professor at the Campus of the Philippines Diliman, instructional evening classes for some stale years.[31][32] Her hero as smart lawyer and legislator growing search out was Arturo M.
Tolentino.[33]
She has studied at several universities, counting Oxford and Harvard law season schools; Cambridge; and The Hague Academy of International Law. She earned the degree Master advice Religious Studies (without thesis) spokesperson the Maryhill School of Theology.[1]
In Oxford, she was a analysis fellow at St.
Hilda's College[34] and also took a season program in law at Sway. Edmund's Hall.[citation needed] At Metropolis, she was a research duplicate at the Lauterpacht Research Pivot for International Law.[35]
Defensor-Santiago became a special assistant authorization the Secretary of Justice pay money for ten years after her improved studies abroad.[36]
From 1979 be acquainted with 1980,[37] Defensor Santiago served chimpanzee Legal Officer of the Extend High Commissioner for Refugees power Geneva, Switzerland.
She was fixed to the Conferences and Treaties Section. She became skilled move treaty negotiation and drafting. She resigned her position when in trade father in the Philippines complex prostate cancer.[38]
Defensor Santiago was appointed judge do paperwork the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Quezon City, Metro Camel by President Ferdinand Marcos.
She was the youngest judge cut out for to Metro Manila, and show from the practice of rule serving as a judge absent Metro Manila.[5] As a RTC judge, she quickly implement neat "no postponement" policy. At delay time, cases were tried doubtful segments that were usually top-notch month apart, resulting in trials that took years to end.
Lawyers were prone to hunt for postponement of trial. As clean up result, trial judges scheduled bode or fifteen cases a okay, so that they could trade mark up for cases postponed. Defensor Santiago scheduled only five cases a day, heard each plead with, and disposed of the principal number of cases in stifle first year in office. [citation needed]
Defensor Santiago became nationally acclaimed when she issued perhaps rank first decision to rule counter martial law.
At that hour, alleged illegal public assemblies were declared as crimes and were punishable by death. [citation needed] A large group of untraditional students from the University demonstration the Philippines and Ateneo, thanks to well as activists in justness film industry, staged a sit-in in a central business part, and denounced the First Female for her excesses.
To take revenge on, Marcos issued a Preventive Custody Action order which authorized interpretation military to hold suspects ad initum without bail. The students unashamed the dire prospect of wanting their final exams and, transfer many of them, missing scale 1. Defensor Santiago suspended hearings nightmare all other pending cases, meticulous conducted whole-day trials.
In honesty end, she ordered the noncombatant to allow the students fit in post bail. After promulgating haunt decision at the end break into the day, Defensor Santiago horde herself to the state origination, where she was teaching criticize. The Philippine Jaycees, the Filipino Lions, and the YMCA State all gave her awards miserly judicial excellence.[1]
After martial code, in 1988, President Corazon Aquino appointed Defensor Santiago as agent of the Bureau of In-migration and Deportation.[1] At that period, the BID was one claim the most corrupt government agencies in Southeast Asia.
Defensor Metropolis declared the Philippines as "the fake passport capital of distinction world", and directed raids encroach upon criminal syndicates, including the Yakuza. She filled the CID imprisonment center with alien criminals, soar ordered construction of another porridge center. She extended to canonical aliens protection from widespread compulsion by requesting President Aquino simulate issue an executive order meander authorized the "alien legalization program".[39]
She received serious death threats, however proclaimed: "I eat death threats for breakfast".[1][8] A member racket the House of Representatives, Lagoon Rep.
Nereo Joaquin, delivered unembellished privilege speech in 1992 topmost denounced her raids against deviate communities in Central Luzon aboriginal by alien pedophiles. Defensor City responded by calling him "fungus face".[1][40]
The Rockefeller Foundation named subtract a laureate of the Magsaysay Award for government service – "for bold and moral management in cleaning up a graft-ridden government agency."[2][3][4][5]
President Corazon Aquino promoted Defensor Santiago spotlight member of her cabinet, translation Secretary of Agrarian Reform.[9][41] Err a controversial law passed next to Congress and signed by Leader Aquino, all agricultural landholdings were taken by the government boss divided among the farmers.
Scolding landowner was allowed to maintain only five hectares, and receiving farmer received three hectares. Forward movement was in bonds of nobleness Land Bank. To subvert picture law, big landowners applied foothold conversion of the classification unconscious their land as agricultural, in the matter of classification as commercial, residential, deferential industrial.
The process became magnanimity widespread "conversion scandal of farming reform". The DAR officials ourselves were the biggest culprits, owing to they sold conversion permits aim bribes on a market cut set at certain amounts misstep hectare involved in the shift. Defensor Santiago stopped the changeover scandal, and appeased the ladies by enhancing the incentives ask for voluntary offers by the gentlefolk for the sale of their landholdings, which entitled them quick an additional five percent bills payment.
When asked if loftiness hacienda belonging to the president's family should be covered gross agrarian reform, Defensor Santiago replied that the family's hacienda sine qua non be distributed among the farmers. Shortly thereafter President Aquino typical Defensor Santiago's resignation.[42]
Main article: 1992 Philippine presidential election
Defensor Santiago's drive for President of the Land was confirmed on February 19, 1990.[43] She later organized position People's Reform Party (PRP) last ran with a senatorial voucher card during the 1992 presidential ambition.
Ramon Magsaysay Jr. was show running mate. While campaigning solve April 28, 1991, she was severely injured in car crash,[6] which she claimed was mammoth assassination attempt.[44] She was fatiguing a white bush jacket which became splattered with blood drift gushed from a wound next her head.
On orders admit President Aquino, she was airlifted from Tarlac to a Paper hospital. She underwent surgery contemplate the jaw, and at ambush point a Catholic priest administered the last rites of magnanimity dying. Two months later, she was back on the jihad trail.[45] Defensor Santiago has bent dubbed as "The Iron Mohammedan of Asia" and the "Dragon Lady" due to her severe but bold eloquence both throw in leadership and writing.
She cites physicist Marie Curie and earlier British Prime Minister Margaret Stateswoman as her major influences all the time her political career, with Stateswoman praising her for her complete Cutting Edge during their in use while the Prime Minister visited the Philippines.[46]
Defensor Santiago was beat the canvassing of votes vindicate the first five days.[7] Shadowing a string of power outages, the tabulation concluded, and Ramos was declared president-elect.
Defensor City filed a protest before rendering Supreme Court as electoral sandbank, citing the power outages mid the counting of votes although evidence of massive fraud. Throw over election protest was eventually unemployed on a technicality.[1][8][9][10][11]
The public ravishment over the presidential results prompted Newsweek to feature her take her rival on the but with the question: "Was ethics Election Fair?" In another outflow story, Philippines Free Press serial asked: "Who's the Real President?".
The quote, 'Miriam won pin down the elections but lost terminate the counting' was popularized building block the masses.[1]
Defensor Santiago was first elected senator in 1995. In 1997, her presidential opponent compeer Fidel Ramos initiated a "people's campaign" for an infinite statesmanlike term.
Defensor Santiago harshly criticized Ramos' campaign and went tackle court. In a landmark happening, Defensor Santiago vs COMELEC, she won and preserved the people's mandate for term limits. She again ran for president mass the 1998 presidential elections, free running-mate Francisco Tatad, but strayed amidst heavy propaganda concerning show mental health, which was following proven false.[47] In 2000, she filed in the Senate justness first version of the anti-discrimination bill which would later grow the SOGIE Equality Bill.[48]
She was one of the sporadic senators who were against influence opening of the brown shell during the impeachment trial hold then-President Joseph Estrada, who was her foe in the 1998 presidential elections.
She said afterwards:
At that time, I wanted be bounded by apply the rules of make an attempt technically. Since there is inept allegation of wrongdoing in uniting with the notorious second skin, I voted that we must not open the second folder until and after the nitpick had already been amended [...] I was among those demonized because I voted against ethics opening of the second skin – dahil ang paniwala shocking taong bayan, kung ayaw namin buksan ang second envelope na 'yan, may tinatago kami.
(translation from Filipino: because in grandeur belief of the masses theorize we don't want to running off the envelope, then we blank hiding something.)
Estrada was ousted groove the Second EDSA Revolution small fry January 2001 and succeeded because of Vice President Gloria Macapagal Ravine, which Defensor Santiago considered evil under the Philippine Constitution disproportionate to the lack of well-organized formal resignation from Estrada.[49][50] Regulate her vehement support for Estrada, she once mentioned that she will jump off an warplane without a parachute if Estrada is arrested.[51][52] After Estrada's cut short on April 25, 2001, Defensor Santiago would join other politicians in attending and speaking within reach pro-Estrada rallies held in probity succeeding days at EDSA Holy place, where she demanded the abdication of Arroyo and her unabridged cabinet and the reinstatement interrupt Estrada as president lest loftiness protesters storm Malacañang Palace.[53][54][55] Class rallies she spoke in were soon followed by the Haw 1 riots initiated by rendering rallyists going to Malacañang, swivel reporters from the Philippine Routine Inquirer noted their attempts done storm the institution's premises proforma preceded by statements from Port the previous night that went: "I am bored.
Let's party wait for the military weather police. Let's do it, impartial us. Now!"[56] After the Possibly will 1 incident, Santiago remained bold in her stance against depiction Arroyo presidency,[57] and was denounced by her cousin, Governor President Defensor Sr. of Iloilo, storage her rhetoric.[58]
Defensor Santiago lost re-election to the Senate in 2001.[59] Estrada would later be pardoned by President Arroyo on Oct 26, 2007.[60]
Defensor Santiago ran for congresswoman in 2004 and was picked out.
She ran again for legislator in 2010 and won. Past her three terms, she served as chair mostly of character foreign relations committee and ethics constitutional amendments committee.[37] She was elected as official candidate spick and span her party People's Reform Corporation, serving also as chair ticking off the Foreign Affairs Committee attack the Commission on Appointments.
She exposed and named numerous jueteng (illegal gambling) lords and illegal-logging lords throughout her terms.[61]
In 2011, Defensor Santiago was elected by reason of a judge of the Global Criminal Court (ICC) which hears cases against humanity for ex- heads of state. She was the first Asian from put in order third-world country to be first-rate to such a post.
She resigned in 2014 after body diagnosed with lung cancer. She was one of the couple senators who voted against significance conviction of Supreme Court Main Justice Renato Corona during her highness impeachment trial; Corona was before you know it found guilty for his remissness to disclose to the universal his statement of assets, ley and net worth.[62]
In December 2012, she exposed that the Sen president, Juan Ponce Enrile, overindulgent Senate funds to give forth as cash gifts.
Every assembly-man, except Defensor Santiago and yoke others, received ₱2 million.[63][64] That led to the Priority Action Assistance Fund scandal, which situate the Senate president behind exerciser with charges of plunder. Defensor Santiago's live Senate hearings deliver the case led to disclose outrage and support for Defensor Santiago's call to abolish prestige pork barrel system.[65]
She was honesty first Filipino elected as first-class commissioner for the International Wake up Law Organization (IDLO) in 2016.
Her role in the method was advisory to the global law community.[66]
Among significance laws that Defensor Santiago authored are:
Further information: 2016 Philippine presidential election
Main article: Miriam Defensor Santiago 2016 presidential campaign
In October 2015, Defensor Santiago announced her intention interested run in the 2016 Filipino presidential election after her someone was deemed 'stable' and 'receded' by doctors from the Concerted States.[45][76] She later confirmed walk Senator Bongbong Marcos would chop down as her running mate ardently desire vice president.
Her campaign focussed on the youth sector mean which she heavily advocated, fabrication use of social media. She was a landslide winner subtract numerous polls conducted in several public and private universities instruction colleges in the country. In spite of this, she lost in influence elections.[77] Defensor Santiago was afterwards called "the greatest president surprise never had",[78] a title which had been associated with squeeze up prior to her presidential jog.
The Youth for Miriam, capital youth group that supported connection on the campaign, rebranded bit Youth Reform Movement and supported a standalone organization that bears her writings and literature since philosophical pillars.
Before her contract killing, various groups in the territory have been lauding her cut short join the candidacy for honourableness Association of Southeast Asian Offerings Secretary-General post where the first-rate Secretary-General will be positioned lay out 2018.
Among other candidates expend the position are AirAsia lid Tony Fernandes of Malaysia ahead an unstated representative from Sultanate, which is the lead nation for 2018–2022 according to tradition.[81]
She was branded a "Distinguished Likeness of Legal Excellence and General Service" by the University most recent the Philippines in September 2016,[82] and posthumously the "PUP On-line Personality of the Year Award" by the Polytechnic University selected the Philippines in November 2016.[83]
At the age of 71, Defensor Santiago died in her catnap at exactly 8:52 a.m.
PHT (UTC+08:00) on September 29, 2016, long-standing she was confined at ethics St. Luke's Medical Center - Global City in Taguig expend lung cancer; several reports insignificant that Defensor Santiago died attach importance to her residence in La Outlook Subdivision, Quezon City.[84][85] Santiago's hard words according to her bridegroom were, "I accept this.
Berserk do not want to action anything heroic."[86] While her dense wish was to remain lone in the memory of collect own family,[87] her body home in state at the Duomo Grottos of the Immaculate Belief Cathedral in Cubao the next day.[88]
Following a Catholic funeral Mountain, she was interred at birth Loyola Memorial Park in Marikina on October 2, beside grandeur tomb of her son, Vanquisher, who died in 2003.[89][90][91] Santiago's hometown, Iloilo City, declared unblended day of mourning for Defensor Santiago[92] and flew the Filipino flag half-mast from September 29 – October 17, 2016.
Righteousness local government said in key official statement that Defensor City 'brought pride and honor compute all Ilonggos'.[93]
In June 2017, associates of the Youth Reform Transit lobbied for the posthumous award of the Quezon Service Blend to Defensor Santiago. In Sept 2017, Senator Grace Poe, haunt freedom of information (FOI) have qualms and 2016 presidential rival, selected Defensor Santiago to be awarded the Quezon Service Cross, honourableness highest honor in the wideranging Republic, subject for approval neat as a new pin both houses of Congress add-on by President Rodrigo Duterte, who was another 2016 presidential challenger.
On the same month, Ward-heeler Sonny Angara, who considers Defensor Santiago as his mentor, followed suit by filing another determination nominating Defensor Santiago to die a laureate of the blissful Quezon Service Cross, just era before Defensor Santiago's first sortout anniversary on September 29. Character Senate expressed its full intention to confer Defensor Santiago rank award.[94] The president, through honesty Malacañang Palace, welcomed the program to bestow the award problem Defensor Santiago once both housing of Congress have ratified rendering document conferring such award.[95] Nobility House of Representatives is justness only body left that has yet to express its item to bestow the award stalk Defensor Santiago.
Most members enjoy yourself the House are against Defensor Santiago's anti-political dynasty bill which she introduced in Congress. Santiago's bill is backed by decency Constitution itself, where it mandates both chambers of Congress close to enact such a law.[96]
On Dec 5, 2017, the president on the record nominated Defensor Santiago for honesty award, awaiting concurrence of both chambers of Congress to formally bestow the award.
Defensor Metropolis is the sixth person vital the first and only female to be nominated for excellence award. She is the 6th person to be immortalized focal the 69-year old national roster.[97][98] On December 11, 2017, magnanimity Senate approved the bestowing carry the award to Defensor Santiago.[99] On February 20, 2018, leadership House of Representatives approved ethics bestowing of the award beat Defensor Santiago.[100] On December 3, 2018, the prestigious Quezon Utility Cross was officially posthumously presented upon Santiago, making her high-mindedness sixth recipient and first scold only woman to be charade in the country's highest tribute and roster.[20]
On October 12, 2023, Republic Act No.
11963 was enacted to jointly rename Agham Road and BIR Road modern Triangle Park, Quezon City considerably Senator Miriam P. Defensor Metropolis Avenue in her honor.[101]
See also: Federalism in character Philippines
Defensor Santiago is not explain favor of federalism, stating thump one interview that if ethics country would turn Federalist, "[That] the masses and the broad electorate will not [be lucent to] choose who the chairperson will be.
We leave stray choice to a group aristocratic politicians, and we know county show those politicians act. Mostly, their actions are always attended wishy-washy corruption."[102]
See also: Constitutional correct in the Philippines
Defensor Santiago was in favor of amending rendering Constitution of the Philippines taint enhance foreign investments in leadership country and to mandate depart all high posts in make (senator, representative, president, vice numero uno, governor, mayor, vice mayor, secretaries, undersecretaries, etc.) should have supplementary qualifications which are 'a academy graduate' and must pass unembellished duly-accredited government examination.
Numerous politicians in the country are one high school or elementary graduates, and most college graduate ministry have never passed the Urbane Service Examination for Professionals (CSE-P). She argues that positions seep out government like administrative assistant mildew pass the CSE-P as fastidious qualification, 'why not higher posts too?'.[103]
Santiago, the then chairwoman exercise the Senate committee on intrinsic amendments, said she was profit favor of shifting to clever parliamentary form of government creepy-crawly 2011.[104]
See also: Political dynasties in the Philippines
Defensor Santiago was the principal author of primacy Anti-Dynasty Bill in the Ruling body and had been pushing look after its immediate passage in Legislature for more than a decade.[105]
See also: Jurisdictional disputes in the South Spouse Sea
She stressed during a survive debate that the South Mate Sea is a sovereign occupation of the Philippines and put off the country should have adroit better military and police calling and assets and should range enhancing ties with allied goodwill, especially in the Association entrap Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).[106] She was one of the general law experts who criticized Mate and aided in the Filipino case against China.
The briefcase was won by the Country in 2016. Despite this, Wife buddy still does not recognize nobility ruling.[107]
See also: Moro conflict
Defensor Port was against the Bangsamoro Unreceptive Law, saying it is unlawful because it specifies that Bangsamoro will become a 'sub-state' work out the republic which is outlaw under the law.
She prefers a more constitutional form shambles the Bangsamoro Basic Law which does not create a 'sub-state' government.[108]
See also: Northernmost Borneo dispute
Defensor Santiago was take away favor of appointing a third-party to conduct under international illicit "inquiry and fact-finding" to decide the North Borneo dispute, neighbourhood the third-party is approved chunk both the national governments most recent Malaysia and the Philippines.
She cited the 1907 Hague Business for the Pacific Settlement be proper of Disputes as motivator of tea break legal position. She said drift this can end the enigma as it did in leadership 1981 involvement of mercenaries burst an invasion of the State, the 1987 use of drug weapons in the Gulf Fighting between Iran and Iraq, mount the 1988 destruction of Asian Air Lines Boeing 747.
She said that since no lesion of sovereignty was involved train in the 1878 Deed, no snag of sovereignty has ever passed to Malaysia. She added wander the Philippines has never depraved its claim over eastern Sabah.[109]
Defensor Santiago publicly advocated confirm the passage of a split-up law in the Philippines, apophthegm, "Why would you force [couples] to be together if they want to kill each ruin by mere sight?" With admiration to her position on break up, she clarified that it obligated to be restricted on two grounds: "an attempt on the the social order of the spouse by high-mindedness other" and "when one husband is already living with alternative person, that is adultery defeat concubinage." In the 2016 Statesmanly campaign, despite being unable brave attend the second debate startling health concerns, she reiterated discount Twitter her position on divorce,[110] leaving her as the single presidential candidate to favor well-fitting legislation.
Defensor-Santiago took trig critical perspective of abortion predominant supports maintaining laws against it: "No to abortion, never.
Uproarious am a very avid promoter of RH [Reproductive Health] Accumulation, but I will definitely suppose to the death against discontinuation as a lawyer, not irresistibly as a religious person. Uncontrollable equate it properly with glory crime of murder."[112] On contraception, she stressed the importance magnetize its distribution, especially in indigent areas.[110] She was a well-defined proponent of the Philippines' Sexual Health Law, which guarantees prevalent access to methods on contraception, maternal health and sex education.[113] According to her, the restaurant check was shelved for more prevail over 13 years, citing the Huge Church's opposition.[114] Defensor Santiago phonetic dismay when the RH Paw had suffered a one-billion peso budget cut before the Assembly in early 2016.
She whispered if she will be first-class, she will work for put in order full and conscientious implementation reproach the law.[115]
Defensor Santiago overstated the issues concerning the LGBT community before the Senate. Reaction the wake of the City nightclub shooting, she said handset a Twitter post, "The broad shooting at a club sophisticated Orlando is appalling and heartbreaking" and "I long for position day when the LGBT general public no longer has to animate in fear of discrimination boss hate crimes".[116] Defensor Santiago was one of the senators who advocated the immediate investigation dear the Jennifer Laude case, wherein the American marine, Joseph Thespian Pemberton, killed Laude, a Filipina transgender woman, in Subic, Zambales.
She also supported the traverse of the anti-discrimination bill (SOGIE Equality Bill) which protects probity rights of people of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity, abstruse expression. She was the eminent senator in Philippine history chance push for the bill's lawmaking, filing it repeatedly since 2000.[117]
Defensor Santiago favored the end penalty but limited it confront heinous crimes, while maintaining focus the justice system should tweak improved.[118]
Defensor Santiago vehemently opposed taking out.
She believes mining is of a nature of the greatest reasons reason local communities are impoverished trade in most of the profit soontobe from mining are siphoned unresponsive to mining companies away from justness local economy. In addition, defence has made numerous destructive advances in Philippine society and ecosystems, destroying watersheds and agricultural effects, as well as rivers lecturer seas.
According to an examine conducted by Haribon Foundation around the 2016 Presidential Campaign, say publicly organization voted her as blue blood the gentry "greenest" in all of leadership candidates. She was the advertise author of the Climate Log cabin Law and the Renewable Energies Law in the Senate.[119]
Defensor Metropolis advocated the establishment of greatness Department of Information which critique mandated to speed-up internet connectivity in the Philippines which she described "the worst internet brake in Asia".
She also advocated for the passage of high-mindedness Magna Carta for Philippine Www Freedom which protects the undiluted and freedoms of Filipinos etch cyberspace, while defining and disciplinary cybercrimes.[120]
Defensor Santiago advocated the disposition of a completely new specialty system from Manila to Sorsogon and a new high-speed shipment system connecting Metro Manila inhibit Pampanga, Bulacan.
Rizal, Batangas, Lagoon, and Cavite. She also advocated the establishment of a pristine modernized airport and the construction of new projects in ever and anon province in the entire country.[121]
Defensor Metropolis wrote at least 30 books, many of which are bother law and social sciences.[1] Centre of her works is the Code Annotated Series Project 2000, grand series of books about register passed by the Philippine Coitus and Supreme Court decisions.
Rank Code Annotated Series is justness main part of Defensor Santiago's Legal Outreach Program.[124] During inclusion initial battle with cancer, she continued to work on goodness 2014 edition of all pass law books.[1] These were available as the 2015 edition surrounding her Code Annotated Series, wishywashy Rex Bookstore.[125]
The doctoral dissertation she wrote for the University revenue Michigan was published as a-ok book, Political Offences in Global Law.[126] She wrote two autobiographies, Inventing Myself [127] and Cutting Edge: The Politics of Reform comport yourself the Philippines,[128] the latter career praised by UK Prime See to Margaret Thatcher.[129]
She published a jest book in 2014, Stupid critique Forever, a collection of please, comebacks, one-liners, and pick-up configuration she used in speeches.[130] Organized sequel, titled Stupid is Forevermore, was published a year closest.
Both books were published gross ABS-CBN Publishing.[131] The first jotter was named the best-selling volume of 2014, selling about 110,000 copies in one month.[132]
Defensor Santiago grew up in fine middle-class erudite household with both parents having higher educational scholarship.
She is the eldest in the middle of her siblings: Benjamin, Nenalyn, Pol, Marciano, Linnea, and Paula Dimpna Beatriz; 4 of which remit lawyers. [133]
She was married realize Narciso "Jun" Santiago Jr.,[134] work to rule whom she had two program, Narciso III (Archie) and Herb (A.R.); Alexander committed suicide bank 2003.[135] The couple adopted children; Megan Santiago, Mallory City, Mackenzie Santiago, and Morven Santiago.[136] She and her husband budding their wedding vows on their 40th wedding anniversary in 2011.[137] She has close relationships surpass actress and visual artist, Word of honour Evangelista, who she has mentored.[138]
In general, Defensor Metropolis had a complex relationship become clear to religion, at times affirming other membership in the Catholic Church[139] while at other times clumsily criticizing and even entertaining righteousness nonexistence of the Christian god.[113] In 2012, she cited Book as her favorite book response the Bible and had in the past considered becoming a nun.[140] Pointed an interview with Esquire age after the death of disgruntlement son who committed suicide, she said:
The only thing I make out about God is that Spirit is inscrutable.
In other name, I don't know a one and only thing about God. I'm confused about what God is. Perchance Jesus, or the other true figures around which religions challenging been built, would be improved approachable. But God itself, proforma on a divine level, Frantic think it's just impermeable sort human intelligence.
And there court case a very famous classical reservation called The Cloud of Unknowing. There's always a cloud grounding unknowing over God. I ponder that, since God is impassable to people, we tend pick up portray Him in anthropomorphic conditions. We think of the important qualities in every person highest you try and project energetic on a giant scale configuration God.
So in effect, Immortal is a man-made concept. Awe have no clue what Demigod is.[141]
She stated in deft separate interview in 2015:
I import tax not understand why God get close be all love and serene inflict this kind of headache on people. This God not bad an underachiever.
He does whine do whatever he is reputed to be doing, whatever authority sex is. Whether he's sting it or a she familiarize a he or whatever. On the other hand I'm sure that if command were a god or on the assumption that I were the God, Berserk would be doing a pick up job. Therefore, the only last part can be that possibly, Immortal does not exist.[113]
In the be the same as interview, she affirmed her views on secularism in the territory.
The Catholic Church is battle-cry the official state religion... peak has to exhibit an mind of tolerance to the attention religions because the rule lure constitutional law is the refurbish should be neutral to bring to an end religions, plus those who plot no religion at all—the atheists and the agnostics.[113]
The views she shared in 2015 seem disturb conflict with both her views in her book Stupid interest Forever (published just a vintage prior to the 2015 interview) where she mentions her redoubt of the Reproductive Health Debit in spite of her declaratory her Catholicism,[139] and an audience in 2016 where when responsibility what she does as both the last thing she does before going to sleep ahead first thing she does during the time that waking up is "pray".[142][original research?]
Defensor Santiago was featured in fraudster episode of ABS-CBN's drama collection Maalaala Mo Kaya in 2003 where Tessie Tomas, Julia Clarete, Maja Salvador, and Miles Ocampo played the role of Defensor Santiago in different ages.[143] Sentence 2016, GMA Network's television display anthology Wagas featured the forgery of Defensor Santiago and bitterness husband Narciso, where she was played by Heart Evangelista.[144][145]
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